Tennessee, with its diverse ecosystems ranging from mountains to plains, harbors a wide variety of wasp species. Understanding these different types is crucial for safety and appreciating the vital role they play in the environment. This guide explores some common wasps found in Tennessee, highlighting their identifying features and behaviors.
Common Wasps Found in Tennessee
Many wasp species call Tennessee home, but some are more prevalent than others. We'll explore a few of the most frequently encountered types:
1. Paper Wasps (Polistes spp.)
Paper wasps are easily recognizable by their slender bodies and long legs. They build open-faced nests, often resembling upside-down umbrellas, typically attached to eaves, tree branches, or other sheltered spots. These wasps are generally not aggressive unless their nest is disturbed. Different Polistes species exhibit variations in color and markings.
2. Yellow Jackets (Vespula spp. and Dolichovespula spp.)
Yellow jackets are social wasps with bright yellow and black markings. They are known for their aggressive nature, especially when defending their nests. Unlike paper wasps, yellow jackets build enclosed nests, often underground or in wall voids. Their stings are painful and can cause allergic reactions in susceptible individuals. Several Vespula and Dolichovespula species are found throughout Tennessee.
3. Bald-faced Hornets (Dolichovespula maculata)
While often called hornets, bald-faced hornets are actually a type of yellow jacket. They are larger than most yellow jackets and have a distinctive black and white pattern. Their nests are large, pear-shaped structures often found high in trees or shrubs. They are also quite aggressive when defending their nests.
4. Cicada Killers (Sphecius speciosus)
These large, solitary wasps are impressive in size but are generally not aggressive towards humans. Female cicada killers paralyze cicadas to provision their nests, where they lay eggs. The males are territorial and may engage in aggressive displays but rarely sting.
What are some of the most dangerous wasps in Tennessee?
While many wasps in Tennessee are relatively docile, yellow jackets and bald-faced hornets are considered the most dangerous due to their aggressive defense of nests and painful stings. Allergic reactions to their venom pose a significant risk. Cicada killers, despite their size, are not typically considered dangerous to humans unless directly provoked.
How to identify different types of wasps?
Identifying wasps accurately requires careful observation of their physical characteristics, nest structure, and behavior. Reference books, field guides, or online resources with high-quality images can be very helpful. Note the wasp's size, color pattern, body shape (slender or robust), and the location and type of nest.
How do I get rid of wasps?
Dealing with wasp nests requires caution. Attempting to remove a nest yourself is dangerous and should only be done by experienced pest control professionals equipped with appropriate protective gear. Contacting a local pest control service is the safest and most effective method for wasp nest removal.
What attracts wasps to my property?
Wasps are attracted to sources of food and water, as well as suitable nesting sites. Keeping food and sugary drinks covered, regularly cleaning up spills, and eliminating standing water can help reduce wasp attraction. Maintaining a well-kept yard and sealing potential entry points into your home can also deter wasps from nesting nearby.
This guide provides a basic overview of some common wasp types found in Tennessee. Always approach wasps with caution and prioritize safety when dealing with wasp nests or aggressive behavior. Remember, wasps play an important role in the ecosystem, so removal should only be considered when necessary and handled by professionals.
